1. Logistics & Supply Chain Management (SCM)
Logistics management is the part of the supply chain that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, effective forward and reverse flow and storage of goods, services, and related information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customer requirements.
2. Role of Liner in International Trade
International liner shipping is a sophisticated network of regularly scheduled services that transports goods from anywhere in the world to anywhere in the world at low cost and with greater energy efficiency than any other form of international transportation.
3. Role of Freight Forwarder / NVOCC in International Trade
The freight forwarder has always played an important role in commerce and international carriage of goods. Traditionally the freight forwarder was the link between the owner of the goods and the carrier, and provided forwarding or clearing services. The forwarder acted as the agent for the cargo owner, and in some cases at the same time for the carrier.
4. Modes of Transportation
Mode of transport (or means of transport or Types of transport or transport modality or form of transport) is a term used to distinguish substantially different ways to perform transport.
5. Parties & Departments involved in Trade
The seller and the buyer are the parties contracting with each other for the delivery of the goods. The seller may be the producer or manufacturer of the goods, or may be a party acting as the producer/manufacturer?s agent. Both parties agree on the trade terms which will influence the type and terms of shipping documents.
6. Shipping Documents & Definitions
A generic term for the various types of documents required for overseas shipments, such as commercial invoices, packing list, Bill of Lading, Certificate of Origin, etc.
7. Shipping Terminologies
Glossary of Shipping Terms
8. Export & Import Shipping Cycle
All stages of business cycle, starting from enquiry, quotation till delivery of goods.
9. Vessel & Container Types
Various types of Vessel and Container and its purposes
10. Port Operations
Ports are historic, commercial and infrastructural assets that form the backbone of national and regional economics. Seaports are a haven with facilities for berthing and anchoring ships and providing equipment for transfer of goods from ship-shore, shore-ship & ship-ship.
11. Warehouse & ICD Operations
Warehouse is a port facility for loading and unloading containerized cargo to and from ships. ICD is a physical site located away from traditional land, air and coastal borders with the vision to facilitate and process international trade through strategic investment in multi-modal transportation.
12. International Commercial (INCO) Terms
A set of international sales terms to remove the uncertainties of different interpretations of terms in different countries. INCO terms are used to make international trade easier. Sets international rules for commonly used terms in foreign trade identifies obligations of both parties and determines the distribution and transfer of risks.
13. Role of Letter of Credit (LC) in International Trade
One of the best-known payment processes which provides security to both the seller and the buyer through the international banking system.
14. Bill of Lading (BL)
It is an evidence of contract by Sea, that acts as a receipt for the goods delivered to the carrier for shipment; a definition or description of the goods; and evidence of title to the relative goods.
15. Types of Packaging
Packaging refers to the container or wrapper that holds a product or group of products. Most commercial packaging serves two basic functions: protecting the product from damage during shipping, and promoting the product to the ultimate consumer. Some common types of packaging includes pallet, carton, bags, pails, can, etc.
16. Types of Cargo
Containerization is a system of inter-modal freight transport using inter-modal containers. The containers have standardized dimensions. Non-containerized cargoes are classified as Bulk, break-bulk, etc., Today 90% of the sea-freight is moved as containerized cargoes.
17. Dangerous Goods Classifications
A commodity that are determined by the Department of Transportation to be capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety and property, when transported in commerce. These commodities may endanger the safety of a Ship or persons on board. The sea transportation of these dangerous materials can either be forbidden or restricted. Grouping of Dangerous Goods by Type of Risk Involved, this grouping was drawn up by the UN Committee of Experts on Transport.
18. Marine Insurance
Marine Insurance covers the loss or damage of ships, cargo, terminals, and any transport or cargo by which property is transferred, acquired, or held between the points of origin and final destination.
19. Vessel & Container Chartering
Chartering is a kind of contract for commercial leasing of a vessel or space on a vessel. Contract will be on the Rate, duration and terms agreed between the shipowner and the charterer.
20. Governing & Statutory Bodies
Governing bodies have a number of statutory duties that need to be fulfilled, one of which will be ensuring that key policies are been implemented and reviewed on a regular basis.
21. Major Sea-Ports & Air-Ports in the World
Major sea & air ports in the world, basis on cargo handled.
22. Common Charges & Basics of Freight Rate calculation
Consolidation of charge headers used in International Trade. Analysis of multiple factors that influences fluctuation of freight rate.
23. Basics of Shipping Accounts
Permutation and Combination of Debit Notes and Credit Notes being issued and received in International business
24. Shipping Acronyms
List of Shipping Acronyms categorized based on the usage.
25. Advance Cargo Declaration – AMS, ACI & ENS
Filing the manifest with customs well in advance as per the guidelines set by the importing country. Example, Automated Manifest System (AMS), is the rule applicable for US bound shipments.
